Description:

Everyday activities like eating talking and shaving can be excruciating for those who suffer from trigeminal neuralgia (TN) causing jolts that feel like electric shocks and burning or aching in the face. Severe pain attacks can occur even when you're outside in a windy environment. A rare neurological disorder called produces excruciating persistent facial pain. What is a trigeminal nerve? The trigeminal nerve is the 5th of the cranial nerve. Its branches cover your head and face and it grows from the brainstem. The trigeminal nerve consists of three branches: The ophthalmic nerve: This sensory nerve branch covers the scalp and upper part of the face including the eye eyelids and forehead and carries sensation to the brain. The maxillary nerve: This branch covers the middle of the face and is solely a sensory nerve. It transmits sensations from the nose cheeks lower eyelids upper lip  gums inside of the mouth the palate upper jaw teeth and sinuses. The mandibular nerve: There are sensory and motor components to this branch of the trigeminal nerve. It transmits feelings from your lower face encompassing the gums lower lip and jaw. It conveys senses from the front of your tongue that are not related to taste. The muscles used for swallowing biting and chewing are managed by the motor portion of this nerve. The condition is classified into two types: TN type 1 (TN1) characterised by attacks of intense stabbing pain affecting the mouth cheek nose and/or other areas on one side of the face. TN type 2 (TN2) is characterised by less intense pain but a constant dull aching or burning pain.

Cause:

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) affects twice as many women as men and is most common among people over the age of 50. While some TN cases run in families the majority are not hereditary. When a blood vessel presses on the trigeminal nerve at the base of the brain pain results. Trigeminal neuralgia can also develop from illnesses like multiple sclerosis or from damage to the nerve's myelin sheath. Trigeminal nerve damage results from trauma to the nerve. either damage to the nerve or tumors pressing on it. This condition can also be brought on by stroke.

Symptom:

There are several ways that pain from trigeminal neuralgia can manifest. The classic symptoms are 20-second bursts of sharp throbbing shock-like pain that are frequently brought on by contact with the face. Patients who experience these symptoms frequently experience weeks or even years without any pain during remission periods. Some sufferers of the illness have less intense but more persistent pain that lasts longer and is more widespread. It's frequently described as feeling scorching.The typical symptoms include facial pain lasting a few minutes to hours primarily on the gums teeth cheek and jaw area resembling an electric shock pain while brushing talking laughing etc.

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